One Minute to Understand LiDAR

LiDAR Introduction

LiDAR is a remote sensing technology. LiDAR technology uses the pulse from a laser to collect measurements. These are used to create 3D models and maps of objects and environments.

What Is LiDAR Technology?

LiDAR technology is usually used to examine the surface of the earth, assess information about the ground surface, create a digital twin of an object, or detail a range of geospatial information. LiDAR systems harness this technology, using LiDAR data to map three-dimensional models and digital elevation. From handheld to airborne LiDAR, there’s a LiDAR system to capture the data you need. LiDAR mapping uses a laser scanning system with an integrated Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and GNSS receiver, which allows each measurement, or points in the resulting point cloud, to be georeferenced. Each ‘point’ combines to create a 3D representation of the target object or area.

LiDAR maps can be used to give positional accuracy – both absolute and relative, to allow viewers of the data to know where in the world the data was collected and how each point relates to objects in terms of distance.

LiDAR data, in the form of a point cloud, can be used to map entire cities, enabling decision-makers to accurately pinpoint structures or areas of interest in millimeter-perfect detail. Features and objects such as road networks, bridges, street furniture, and vegetation can be classified and extracted.

LiDAR maps can also be used to highlight changes and abnormalities such as surface degradation, slope changes, and vegetation growth.

What Can We Use LiDAR Technology Data For?

Mapping: Surveying tasks often require LiDAR systems to collect three-dimensional measurements. They can create digital terrain (DTM) and digital elevation models (DEMs) of specific landscapes.

Architecture: Laser scanning systems are popular for surveying the built environment too. This covers buildings, road networks, and railways.

Real Estate: Laser scanners can be used indoors to measure space and create accurate floorplans.

Construction: The construction industry is also using LiDAR surveys increasingly. LiDAR technology tracks building projects and produces digital twins for BIM applications. It can also help produce 3D models for the conditional monitoring of structures, and revit models for architects and structural engineers.

Environment: Environmental applications for LiDAR are plentiful. Laser scanning is a popular method of mapping flood risk, carbon stocks in forestry, and monitoring coastal erosion.

Automotive: LiDAR is also seeing increased levels of adoption for automation applications. Smaller, low-range LiDAR scanners help navigate autonomous vehicles.